Medically reviewed by KNMC Hospital Last updated: September 2026
Finding the right urologist matters most; urinary and kidney problems are uncomfortable to live with and often embarrassing to talk about, which is exactly why many people delay seeing treatments. This guide covers what urology actually treats, what to expect from a visit, and the specialists available through KNMC's Urology department in Kathmandu.
What Is Urology? Understanding Urological Care
Urology is the branch of medicine which deals with the urinary tract in both men and women and the male reproductive system. These include the kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra, and for men the prostate and reproductive organs. Nephrologists treat how well the kidneys function (filtering blood, managing fluid balance), while urologists treat the structure of the urinary tract, stones, blockages, tumours, infections, and anything needing a surgical or procedural fix.
What Conditions Does a Urologist Treat?
Kidney Stones
Kidney stones are one of the most common reasons people visit a urologist, often after sudden, severe pain in the back or side. They are sometimes confused with a different condition, gallstones, since both are mineral deposits that form inside an organ. The difference between the two depends on which organ is affected and where the pain is felt. Nausea and vomiting are also common with a kidney stone attack. This phenomenon happens because the kidneys and the gut share the same nerve pathways, which surprises many people.
Prostate Problems
From an enlarged prostate (BPH) causing frequent urination and a weak stream, to prostate inflammation or, less commonly, prostate cancer, this is one of the largest areas of urological care for men, especially past age 50.
Bladder and Urinary Conditions
Urinary tract infections, overactive bladder, urinary incontinence, and blood in the urine are all part of this group. Some are simple to treat; others need a closer look to rule out something more serious.
Male Infertility and Andrology
Urologists, particularly those with andrology training, evaluate and treat male fertility issues, low testosterone, and other reproductive health concerns.
Urological Cancers
Urologists, often working alongside oncology specialists, diagnose cancers of the kidney, bladder, prostate, and testicles and, in many cases, surgically treat them.
Pediatric Urological Conditions
Children can have urinary tract infections, bedwetting beyond the typical age, undescended testicles, and other congenital urinary conditions that need a urologist's evaluation.
When Should You See a Urologist? Symptoms and Warning Signs
Common Symptoms That Need Evaluation
- Blood in the urine,
- Pain in the back, side, or lower abdomen
- Burning or pain when urinating
- Frequent or urgent need to urinate
- Difficulty starting or maintaining a urine stream
- Recurring urinary tract infections
- Erectile dysfunction or fertility concerns
- A lump or swelling in the testicles
When Should You Seek Urgent Urological Care?
- Inability to urinate
- Severe pain with fever and chills
- Heavy blood in the urine
- Sudden, severe testicular pain
These need same-day attention, not a routine appointment scheduled for later in the week.
How Is a Urological Condition Diagnosed?
Medical History and Physical Examination
Your urologist starts by understanding your symptoms, medical history, and any relevant family history before moving to a physical exam.
Laboratory Tests
Urine tests check for infection, blood, or crystals. Blood tests, including PSA for prostate health, check kidney function and other markers.
Imaging and Ultrasound
Ultrasound is usually the first imaging test used, since it's quick and doesn't involve radiation. CT scans give more detail when needed, especially for stones.
Urodynamic Testing
A set of tests that measure how well the bladder stores and releases urine. This is useful for diagnosing incontinence, retention, and other bladder function problems.
Endoscopic Evaluation
A cystoscopy uses a thin, flexible scope to look directly inside the bladder and urethra, helping diagnose problems that imaging alone can't fully explain.
What Urology Services Are Available at KNMC Hospital?
Kidney Stone Treatment
From small stones managed with fluids and monitoring to laser lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, and PCNL for larger stones, the full range is covered in KNMC's kidney stone treatment guide.
Prostate Treatment
Medical and surgical management of an enlarged prostate, prostate infections, and prostate cancer screening and treatment.
Endoscopic Urological Procedures
Minimally invasive, camera-guided procedures used for both diagnosis and treatment, reducing the need for open surgery in many cases.
Urodynamic Studies
Available for patients with incontinence, retention, or other bladder-function concerns that need objective testing rather than guesswork.
Urinary Incontinence Management
From lifestyle and medication-based approaches to procedural options, depending on the cause and severity.
Male Infertility and Andrology
Evaluation and treatment for fertility concerns, low testosterone, and related reproductive health issues.
Urologic Oncology
Diagnosis and treatment of cancers affecting the kidney, bladder, prostate, and testicles.
Pediatric Urology
Care for children with urinary tract infections, bedwetting, and congenital urinary conditions.
Meet the Urology Specialists at KNMC Hospital.
Dr Jit Prakash Shrestha
Dr Jit Prakash Shrestha is KNMC's Sr. Consultant Endo Urologist & Minimal Invasive Surgeon (NMC 6515), with 15+ years of clinical experience in urology. Kidney and urinary stones are listed specifically among his areas of focus, alongside prostate conditions, urinary tract infections, bladder and kidney disorders, endourology and minimally invasive surgery, and andrology.
He completed his MBBS in 2007 and a Master in Surgery (Urology) in 2012, and has attended numerous national and international conferences on endourology and minimally invasive stone treatment, including advanced PCNL workshops and multiple Nepal Association of Urological Surgeons conferences. He's a member of the Nepal Medical Council, the Nepal Medical Association, and the Nepal Association of Urological Surgeons.
For most patients with kidney stones, prostate concerns, or a need for a minimally invasive procedure, Dr. Shrestha is the specialist at KNMC most directly connected to your case. Check his OPD schedule and book an appointment.
Dr Bikalpa Khanal
Dr. Bikalpa Khanal, Consultant Urologist (MBBS, MRCSI, FCPS Urology, NMC 20821), brings 5+ years of clinical experience, with a focus on endourology and minimally invasive surgery, prostate health, urinary tract care, and andrology and sexual health.
Dr Mohammad Nasim Alam
Dr Mohammad Nasim Alam, Consultant Urologist (MBBS, FCPS Urology, NMC 23282), focuses on endourology, uro-oncology, genito-urinary reconstructive surgery, andrology, prostate disease, and stone disease.
What Makes KNMC a Consideration for Urology Care in Kathmandu?
- Three consulting urologists covering stone disease, endourology, oncology, and andrology between them
- 500+ Urology cases handled monthly, with a reported 95% success rate
- In-house diagnostics, from ultrasound and CT to lab testing, so most evaluations happen without being sent elsewhere
- A teaching hospital setting, meaning cases are discussed within a broader clinical team rather than in isolation
- 24/7 emergency care for urological emergencies like severe obstruction or inability to urinate
How to Choose the Right Urologist in Kathmandu
- Check their specific area of focus. Stone disease, oncology, and andrology are different specialties within urology, and the right fit depends on your condition
- Look at years of experience and NMC registration
- Ask whether the hospital offers the full diagnostic and treatment pathway in one place, so you do not need to go somewhere else in the middle of your treatment
- Confirm OPD availability and how quickly you can be seen
- For anything urgent, confirm 24/7 emergency access
What Can You Expect During a Urology Appointment at KNMC?
- A conversation about your symptoms, medical history, and any previous test results
- A physical examination relevant to your symptoms
- Possible same-visit tests, such as a urine test or ultrasound, depending on what's needed
- A clear explanation of likely next steps, whether that's medication, monitoring, or a referral for a procedure
Bring any previous ultrasound or CT reports and a list of current medications. It saves time and helps avoid repeat testing.
How Much Does Urology Treatment Cost in Kathmandu?
Costs vary by condition and treatment type. As a reference point, KNMC's laser lithotripsy package for kidney stones is priced at approximately Rs 60,000–70,000, covering lab tests, hospital stay, the operation, and OT medicines. Other urological treatments, from consultations to prostate procedures, are priced individually. Your urologist will provide a clear cost breakdown during consultation before any procedure is scheduled.
How Can I Book an Appointment With a Urologist at KNMC?
- Online: Book an appointment directly through KNMC's website
- Phone: Call 01-4771556 during OPD hours, or anytime for emergencies
- In person: Same-day walk-in consultations are often available, subject to doctor availability
- Department page: Visit the Urology department page for OPD schedules across all specialists
FAQs
How do I know if I need a urologist or a nephrologist?
If the issue is about kidney function itself, such as reduced filtering ability, a nephrologist is the right specialist. If it's about structure or a physical problem, such as stones, blockages, infections, or tumors, a urologist is the right fit.
Do I need a referral to see a urologist at KNMC?
No, a referral is not required. You can book directly with any of KNMC's urologists.
Is a urology consultation embarrassing or uncomfortable?
It shouldn't be. Urologists see these conditions daily. A good consultation should feel like any other medical visit, without unnecessary awkwardness.
How much does a kidney stone laser operation cost at KNMC?
KNMC's laser lithotripsy package for kidney stones is priced at approximately Rs 60,000–70,000, covering lab tests, hospital stay, the operation, and OT medicines.
Department: Urology | Featured Doctor: Dr. Jit Prakash Shrestha, Sr. Consultant Endo Urologist & Minimal Invasive Surgeon (NMC 6515)
Book a consultation with KNMC's Urology team: 01-4771556 | Book Appointment | Contact Us
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